Exploring the Rich Biodiversity of Mangrove Restoration Sites in Tanjung Pakis

Located along the coast of Karawang Regency, Tanjung Pakis is supposed to be a paradise for mangrove ecosystems. Since 1994 there has been severe abrasion due to land conversion into shrimp and fish ponds. In 18 years, the coastline protruded 69.28 ha into land and greatly damaged the ecosystem.

Apart from maintaining biodiversity, mangroves can also protect communities living in coastal areas from natural disasters. However, Tanjung Pakis–as one of CarbonEtchics planting sites, has now managed to recover. This rich biodiversity is thriving due to the successful restoration of the mangrove ecosystem. When mangrove ecosystems thrive, so does the diverse life that depends on them; when they fail, this biodiversity is also at risk.

Let's get to know the magnificent living creatures of Tanjung Pakis!

Flora of Tanjung Pakis

Tanjung Pakis boasts a diverse range of plant species that contribute to its dynamic ecosystem. Some of the notable flora include:

1. Loop-root Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) The leafy evergreen tree is unique because it has cork-shaped warts and elongated tips. They provide habitat for marine species, play an important role in preventing coastal erosion and supporting local ecosystems. 
   

2. Earleaf Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) Earleaf acacia is Known for its fast growth and adaptability. Their ability to fix nitrogen in poor soil makes it an ideal pioneer species for rehabilitating degraded lands.
   

3. Sea Mango (Cerbera manghas) This plant can be very beautiful but deadly. The flowers are very striking and fragrant, but the fruit is deadly poisonous because it contains the poison ciberin. Despite its toxic properties, Sea mango  has various medicinal and eco-friendly uses.
   

4. Indian Camphorweed (Pluchea indica) A medicinal plant that thrives in coastal environments and supports local herbal medicine practices. Indian Camphorweed also plays an important role in the ecosystem, serving as a habitat for various insects and animals.
   

5. Portia Tree (Thespesia populnea) This sea Hibiscus has sturdy roots that help to anchor the soil, preventing erosion, and stabilizing the dunes. These functions are critical for protecting coastal communities from the forces of the sea
   

6. Buta-Buta Tree (Excoecaria agallocha) Known for its latex, which is toxic to fish, this plant plays a unique role in the mangrove ecosystem by serving as a habitat for various insects and animals
   

7. Blue Porterweed (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) This herb plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the ecosystem by providing natural defense mechanisms against pathogens and pests, thereby supporting the overall biodiversity and coastal ecosystem.
   

8. Kawista Tree (Limonia acidissima L. syn Feronia limonia Swingle) Also known as the wood apple, is a fascinating tree species that plays a significant role in its ecosystem

Fauna of Tanjung Pakis

The restored mangrove ecosystem in Tanjung Pakis provides a habitat for a wide variety of animal species. Some of the remarkable fauna include:

1. Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda) Want to play boxing? maybe you can duel this one. Known for their powerful claws, these mantis shrimps are important predators in the coastal ecosystem. They are one of the most aggressive predators due to their impressive fighting power.
   

2. Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) These birds thrive in wetlands and are crucial for maintaining the balance in aquatic ecosystems.
   

3. Oriental Magpie-Robin (Copsychus saularis) A small but mighty bird that has a profound impact on its ecosystem. You will find this bird very interesting if you hear it's beautiful melodic chirps
   

4. Fire Shrimp (Lysmata debelius) These bright red shrimps are popular in the aquarium trade and play a role in marine cleaning stations by cleaning parasites and dead skin from other fish making it a valuable component of marine ecosystems
   

5. Telescope Snail (Telescopium sp) These mangrove snails are vital for nutrient cycling within the mangrove ecosystem. Its unique ability to adapt to different environments has made it a valuable component of these ecosystems, supporting biodiversity and ecological balance.
   

6. Horseshoe Crab (Xiphosura) An ancient species that contributes to the ecological complexity of coastal areas, also called "living fossils"
   

7. Asian Water Monitor (Varanus salvator) These large monitor lizards are apex predators in their habitat. They consume crabs and other invertebrates to control invasive species and maintain the health of mangrove forests.
   

8. Stone Huntsman Spiders (Eusparassus walckenaeri) These spiders are part of the intricate web of life in mangrove forests. They maintain the balance of their ecosystems by preying on insects and small vertebrates.
   

9. Cellar Spiders (Pholcidae) Cellar spiders are often misunderstood as creepy crawlies, but they play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystems by controlling insect populations.

Ecosystem Restoration: A Lifeline for Biodiversity

The impressive biodiversity of Tanjung Pakis is a direct result of dedicated ecosystem restoration efforts. Mangrove plantations have rejuvenated the landscape, providing habitat, shelter, and sustenance for countless species. The restoration of mangrove ecosystems not only supports local wildlife but also protects coastal areas from erosion and extreme weather events. Without these efforts, the delicate balance of life in Tanjung Pakis would be at risk.

Take Action: Plant a Mangrove and Preserve Tanjung Pakis

You can play a crucial role in preserving the natural heritage of Tanjung Pakis. Visit carbonethics.co/tree-planting and contribute to the restoration of this coastal gem. By planting a mangrove, you help ensure that the rich biodiversity of Tanjung Pakis continues to thrive for generations to come. Join us in safeguarding this vital ecosystem and its vibrant life forms.